How was the Bible written down?
The Bible was written over many centuries by many human authors, yet Scripture insists these writings are not merely human products; they are God-breathed. God spoke through the prophets, moved holy men to write by the Holy Spirit, and had His words written down in books, until in these last days He spoke finally through His Son and the Spirit guided the apostles to write the gospel down. The Bible is God's message, written by men whom He carried along.
This question arose from studying Can I trust the Bible?.
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The study
What the Scripture says
God spoke, and had His words written down
From the very beginning, God's speaking was joined to writing. The LORD said to Moses, 'Write you these words: for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you,' and Moses wrote the words of the law in a book. God told Jeremiah, 'Take a scroll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken to you.' The spoken word of God was preserved in written form, because He intended it to endure for His people.
Yahweh said to Moses, “Write you these words: for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”
When Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished,
Take a scroll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken to you against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day.
The prophets wrote as men moved by the Spirit
Scripture is honest about its human writers and clear about its divine origin. Peter writes, 'no prophecy ever came by the will of man, but holy men of God spoke, being moved by the Holy Spirit,' and that 'no prophecy of Scripture is of private interpretation.' The human authors were real men in real circumstances, and the Holy Spirit carried them along, so that what they wrote is at once their words and God's.
For no prophecy ever came by the will of man: but holy men of God spoke, being moved by the Holy Spirit.
knowing this first, that no prophecy of Scripture is of private interpretation.
All Scripture is God-breathed
The Bible's own account of itself is that its breath comes from God: 'Every Scripture is God-breathed and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction in righteousness.' Paul could say of his own writings that they were 'the commandment of the Lord,' and Hebrews traces the whole thing back: God spoke through the prophets, and in these last days through His Son. The book is God's own word to us.
Every Scripture is God-breathed and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction in righteousness,
If any man thinks himself to be a prophet, or spiritual, let him recognize the things which I write to you, that they are the commandment of the Lord.
God, having in the past spoken to the fathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways,
has at the end of these days spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom also he made the worlds.
The New Testament was written by eyewitnesses
The New Testament claims the anchor of testimony. Luke wrote 'having traced the course of all things accurately from the first,' an orderly account of what eyewitnesses delivered, that the reader might know the certainty of what was taught. Peter declared, 'we did not follow cunningly devised fables... but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty.' John wrote so that his readers might believe that Jesus is the Christ. These writings rest on those who saw and heard.
it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write to you in order, most excellent Theophilus;
that you might know the certainty concerning the things in which you were instructed.
For we did not follow cunningly devised fables, when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty.
but these are written, that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.
Many writers, one Author
The Bible was written over centuries by prophets, kings, a shepherd, fishermen, a tax collector, a physician, and an apostle, in different lands and languages; yet it is one book with one Author. God spoke at 'many times and in various ways' through the prophets, and holy men wrote as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit, so that all of it is 'God-breathed.' The many careful human hands are all guided by the one Spirit, and the whole library is the word of the one God.
God, having in the past spoken to the fathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways,
For no prophecy ever came by the will of man: but holy men of God spoke, being moved by the Holy Spirit.
Every Scripture is God-breathed and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction in righteousness,
Concerning this salvation, the prophets sought and searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace that would come to you, searching for who or what kind of time the Spirit of Christ, which was in them, pointed to, when he predicted the sufferings of Christ, and the glories that would follow them.
As you read, you may wonder…
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Verses to meditate on
knowing this first, that no prophecy of Scripture is of private interpretation. For no prophecy ever came by the will of man: but holy men of God spoke, being moved by the Holy Spirit.
Every Scripture is God-breathed and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction in righteousness,
God, having in the past spoken to the fathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, has at the end of these days spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom also he made the worlds.
If any man thinks himself to be a prophet, or spiritual, let him recognize the things which I write to you, that they are the commandment of the Lord.
but these are written, that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.
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